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Preface to the Ninth (Jubilee) Edition, xi
Foreword to the First Edition, xiii
Introduction to the First Edition, xiii
Acknowledgements to the Ninth (Jubilee) Edition, xv
Part 1: The Respiratory Pathway, Lungs, Thoracic Wall and Diaphragm
The mouth, 3
The palate, 3
The nose, 6
The paranasal sinuses, 9
Blood supply, 10
Nerve supply, 11
Structure, 13
The functions of the nose, 13
The pharynx, 15
The nasopharynx, 15
The oropharynx, 16
Vascular, lymphatic and nerve supply, 17
The laryngopharynx, 18
The structure of the pharynx, 18
The muscles of the pharynx, 19
Deglutition, 21
The larynx, 24
The laryngeal cartilages, 24
The laryngeal ligaments, 26
The muscles of the larynx, 33
Blood supply, 36
Lymph drainage, 36
Nerve supply, 37
Structure, 42
The trachea, 42
Relations, 43
Vascular, lymphatic and nerve supply, 46
The main bronchi, 46
The pleura, 48
The lines of pleural reflection, 48
The intercostal spaces, 51
The intercostal muscles, 52
The neurovascular bundle, 53
The mediastinum, 56
The lungs, 57
The lung lobes, 61
The relationships at the root of the lung, 62
The bronchopulmonary segments, 63
Bronchoscopic anatomy, 66
The structure of the lung and bronchial tree, 67
The pulmonary blood supply, 69
Lymphatics, 71
Innervation, 71
The development of the respiratory tract, 71
The diaphragm, 72
Anatomical features, 72
The diaphragm as a muscle of respiration, 75
The diaphragm and the ‘cardiac sphincter’, 75
The development of the diaphragm, 76
Part 2: The Heart and Great Veins of the Neck
The pericardium, 81
The heart, 82
The chambers of the heart, 84
The conducting system of the heart, 88
The blood supply of the heart, 89
Nerve supply, 90
Surface markings, 90
Developmental anatomy, 92
The development of the heart, 92
The development of the aortic arches and their derivatives, 93
The fetal circulation, 95
Congenital abnormalities of the heart and great vessels, 96
The great veins of the neck, 98
Part 3: The Vertebral Canal and its Contents
The vertebrae and sacrum, 109
The vertebrae, 109
The cervical vertebrae, 109
The thoracic vertebrae, 113
The lumbar vertebrae, 114
The sacrum, 120
Vertebral anomalies, 125
The intervertebral ligaments, 127
The spinal meninges, 130
The dura mater, 130
The arachnoid mater, 131
The pia mater, 131
The compartments related to the spinal meninges, 132
The cerebrospinal fluid, 136
The spinal cord, 137
The structure of the cord, 139
Blood supply, 142
Part 4: The Peripheral Nerves
The spinal nerves, 149
Meningeal relations, 149
Vertebral relations, 149
The paravertebral space, 150
The posterior primary rami, 151
The anterior primary rami, 154
The cervical plexus, 156
Formation of the plexus, 156
Summary of branches, 157
The stellate ganglion, 161
The brachial plexus, 165
Formation of the plexus, 165
The relations of the brachial plexus, 168
The branches of the brachial plexus, 169
Supraclavicular branches of the brachial plexus, 174
Infraclavicular branches of the brachial plexus, 174
Variations, 188
The segmental innervation of the upper limb, 190
The thoracic nerves, 190
Anterior primary rami, 190
The lumbar plexus, 192
Formation of the plexus, 193
Distribution of the lumbar plexus, 195
The sacral and coccygeal plexuses, 201
Formation of the plexuses, 202
Relations, 202
Summary of the branches of the sacral plexus, 204
The collateral branches, 204
The terminal branches, 205
The sciatic foramina, 219
The coccygeal plexus, 219
The segmental innervation of the lower limb, 220
Part 5: The Autonomic Nervous System
Introduction, 225
Autonomic afferents, 227
The sympathetic system, 228
Spinal level, 228
The sympathetic trunk, 228
The ganglia of the sympathetic trunk, 231
The plexuses of the sympathetic system, 236
Higher sympathetic centres, 239
The parasympathetic system, 239
The cranial outflow, 239
The sacral outflow, 241
Afferent parasympathetic fibres, 241
Part 6: The Cranial Nerves
Introduction, 245
The basic plan of the cranial nuclei, 245
The olfactory nerve (I), 247
The optic nerve (II), 249
The oculomotor nerve (III), 251
The trochlear nerve (IV), 253
The trigeminal nerve (V), 254
The ophthalmic nerve (V), 258
The maxillary nerve (V), 261
The mandibular nerve (V), 268
The abducent nerve (VI), 275
The facial nerve (VII), 275
The auditory (vestibulocochlear) nerve (VIII), 279
The glossopharyngeal nerve (IX), 281
The vagus nerve (X), 284
Course and relations, 285
The branches and distribution of the vagus nerve, 287
The accessory nerve (XI), 289
The hypoglossal nerve (XII), 290
Part 7: Miscellaneous Zones of Interest
The thoracic inlet, 295
Outlines and boundaries, 295
The 1st rib, 295
Cervical ribs, 297
Surface markings, 297
The antecubital fossa, 298
Boundaries, 298
Roof, 298
Contents, 298
Structures of clinical importance, 300
The orbit and its contents, 303
The bony orbit, 303
The orbital foramina, 305
The subdivisions of the orbit, 305
The eyeball, 306
Contents of the eyeball, 308
The orbital muscles, 309
The fascial sheath of the eye, 310
The eyelids and conjunctiva, 311
The lacrimal apparatus, 312
The abdominal wall, 314
Landmarks, 314
Fascia, 315
Muscles, 315
Blood supply, 319
Nerve supply, 319
Part 8: The Anatomy of Pain
Introduction, 323
Classification of pain, 324
Peripheral receptors and afferent fibres, 324
Peripheral sensitization, 325
Cutaneous nociceptors, 325
Other somatic structures, 325
Visceral nociception, 326
The spinal cord and central projections, 326
The dorsal horn, 326
Ascending systems, 328
Spinothalamic tract, 328
Spinoreticular tract, 329
Cerebral processing and the pain matrix, 329
Modulation of pain signals, 330
Cortical modulation, 330
Descending inhibitory pathways, 331
The gate control theory of pain, 332
Central sensitization of pain, 332
The autonomic nervous system and pain, 333
Index, 335 |
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