Our understanding of the neurobiological basis of psychiatric disease has accelerated in the past five years. The fourth edition of Neurobiology of Mental Illness has been completely revamped given these advances and discoveries on the neurobiologic foundations of psychiatry. Like its predecessors the book begins with an overview of the basic science. The emerging technologies in Section 2 have been extensively redone to match the progress in the field including new chapters on the applications of stem cells, optogenetics, and image guided stimulation to our understanding and treatment of psychiatric disorders. Sections' 3 through 8 pertain to the major psychiatric syndromes-the psychoses, mood disorders, anxiety disorders, substance use disorders, dementias, and disorders of childhood-onset. Each of these sections includes our knowledge of their etiology, pathophysiology, and treatment. The final section discusses special topic areas including the neurobiology of sleep, resilience, social attachment, aggression, personality disorders and eating disorders. In all, there are 32 new chapters in this volume including unique insights on DSM-5, the Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) from NIMH, and a perspective on the continuing challenges of diagnosis given what we know of the brain and the mechanisms pertaining to mental illness. This book provides information from numerous levels of analysis including molecular biology and genetics, cellular physiology, neuroanatomy, neuropharmacology, epidemiology, and behavior. In doing so it translates information from the basic laboratory to the clinical laboratory and finally to clinical treatment. No other book distills the basic science and underpinnings of mental disorders and explains the clinical significance to the scope and breadth of this classic text. The result is an excellent and cutting-edge resource for psychiatric residents, psychiatric researchers and doctoral students in neurochemistry and the neurosciences.

SECTION I: Introduction to Basic Neuroscience
Eric J. Nestler

1. Overview of Brain Development
John L. R. Rubenstein

2. Neurochemical Systems in the Central Nervous System
Ariel Y. Deutch and Robert H. Roth

3. Principles of Electrophysiology
Evelyn K. Lambe

4. Principles of Signal Transduction
Jean-Antoine Girault and Paul Greengard

5. Synaptic and Neural Plasticity
Saïd Kourrich and Antonello Bonci

6. Principles of Molecular Biology
Steven E. Hyman and Eric J. Nestler

7. Epigenetics of Psychiatric Diseases
Bryan E. McGill and Huda Y. Zoghbi

SECTION II: New Methods and New Technologies for Preclinical and Clinical Neurobiology
Karl Deisseroth

8. Transgenic Tools and Animal Models of Mental Illness
Lisa M. Monteggia, William Carlezon, Jr. and Ralph J. DiLeone

9. Application of Stem Cells to Understanding Psychiatric Disorders
Kimberly M. Christian, Hongjun Song and Guo-li Ming

10. Optogenetic Technologies for Psychiatric Disease Research: Current Status and Challenges
Lief E. Fenno and Karl Deisseroth

11. Blood-Brain Barrier Opening and Drug Delivery Using Focused Ultrasound and Microbubbles
Elisa E. Konofagou

12. Genetic Methodologies and Applications
Shaun M. Purcell

13. The Brain and Its Epigenome
Amanda C. Mitchell, Yan Jiang, Cyril J. Peter, Ki A. Goosens and Schahram Akbarian

14. Network Methods for Elucidating the Complexity of Common Human Diseases
Eric E. Schadt

15. Brain Imaging Methodologies
Hanzhang Lu, Yihong Yang and Peiying Liu

16. Image-Guided Brain Stimulation
Mark S. George, John J. Taylor and Jaimie M. Henderson

SECTION III: Psychotic Disorders
Pamela Sklar

17. Diagnosis of the Psychoses
Lianne Morris Smith, Julie W. Messinger and Dolores Malaspina

18. Genetics of Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorder
Pamela Sklar

19. Genomic Syndromes in Schizophrenia: Overlapping Phenotypes
George Kirov, Michael O'Donovan and Michael J. Owen

20. Neuroimaging of Psychotic Disorders
Stephan Heckers, Neil Woodward and Dost Öngür

21. Cognitive and Motivational Neuroscience of Psychotic Disorders
Alan Anticevic, Erin C. Dowd and Deanna M. Barch

22. Mouse Models of Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorder
Mikhail V. Pletnikov and Christopher A. Ross

23. Cortical GABA Neurons in Schizophrenia
Allison A. Curley and David A. Lewis

24. Synaptic Disease in Psychiatry
Seth G. N. Grant

25. Neurodevelopment and Schizophrenia
Ester J. Kwon, Takahiro Soda and Li-Huei Tsai

26. Psychosis Proneness
Raquel E. Gur

27. Psychotic Disorders: Neurochemistry and Pharmacotherapy
Carol A. Tamminga and Elena I. Ivleva

28. The Neurobiology of Bipolar Disorder
Katherine E. Burdick, Stephen J. Haggarty, and Roy Perlis

SECTION IV: Mood Disorders
Helen S. Mayberg

29. The Diagnosis of Mood Disorders
Jan Fawcett and Brant Hager

30. Genetics of Depression
Douglas F. Levinson

31. Animal Models of Mood Disorders
Georgia E. Hodes and Scott J. Russo

32. Molecular and Cellular Pathogenesis of Depression and Mechanisms for Treatment Response
Ronald S. Duman

33. Pathogenesis of Depression: Clinical Studies
Maura A. Furey, Daniel C. Mathews and Carlos A. Zarate Jr.

34. Neural Circuitry of Depression
Joseph L. Price and Wayne C. Drevets

35. Neurobiology of Depression in Later Life: Anatomy of Melancholia
K. Ranga Rama Krishnan

36. Gonadal Steroids and Mood Disorders
David R. Rubinow, Peter J. Schmidt and Claire D. Craft

37. Depression and Medical Illness
Tami D. Benton, Joshua Blume, Paul Crits-Christoph, Benoit Dube and Dwight L. Evans

38. Treatments for Depression
Dan V. Iosifescu, James W. Murrough and Dennis S. Charney

SECTION V: Anxiety Disorders
Kerry J. Ressler

39. Diagnosis of Anxiety Disorders
Meghan E. Keough, Murray B. Stein and Peter P. Roy-Byrne

40. Genetics of Anxiety Disorders
Javier A. Perez, Takeshi Otowa, Roxann Roberson-Nay and John M. Hettema

41. The Neurobiology of Fear and Anxiety: Contributions of Animal Models to Current Understanding
Christopher K. Cain, Gregory M. Sullivan and Joseph E. LeDoux

42. Differential roles of GABA Receptors in Anxiety
Hanns Möhler

43. Prefrontal Cortex Regulation of Emotion and Anxiety
Bronwyn M. Graham and Mohammed R. Milad

44. Developmental Components of Fear and Anxiety in Animal Models
Siobhan S. Pattwell, Anne-Marie Mouly, Regina M. Sullivan and Francis S. Lee

45. Functional Neurocircuitry and Neuroimaging Studies of Anxiety Disorders
Madeleine S. Goodkind, Anett Gyurak and Amit Etkin

46. Novel Treatment Approaches for Anxiety Disorders
Anita Van Zwieten, Gail A. Alvares and Adam J. Guastella

47. Pharmacotherapy of Anxiety Disorders
James W. Murrough, Dan V. Iosifescu, and Dennis S. Charney

48. Neurobiology and Treatment of OCD
Susanne E. Ahmari and H. Blair Simpson

49. Neurobiology and Treatment of PTSD
Karen E. Murray, Orion P. Keifer, Jr., Kerry J. Ressler, Seth Davin Norrholm and Tanja Jovanovic

SECTION VI: Substance Use Disorders
Antonello Bonci and Nora D. Volkow

50. Animal Models of Addiction
Rafael Maldonado, J. David Jentsch, Brigitte L. Kieffer, and Christopher J. Evans

51. Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of Addiction
Kathryn J. Reissner and Peter W. Kalivas

52. The Genetic Basis of Addictive Disorders
David Goldman

53. Brain Development and the Risk for Substance Abuse
Kristina Caudle and BJ Casey

54. Molecular Imaging in Addictive Disorders
Chelsea L. Robertson, Steven M. Berman and Edythe D. London

55. Brain, Reward, and Drug Addiction
Vani Pariyadath, Martin P. Paulus and Elliot A. Stein

56. Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Studies in Substance Abusers
Linda Chang, Christine C. Cloak and John L. Holt

57. Pharmacotherapy of Substance Use Disorders
Jane B. Acri and Phil Skolnick

58. Epidemiology of Substance Use Disorders
Denise B. Kandel, Mei-Chen Hu and Pamela C. Griesler

SECTION VII: Dementia
David M. Holtzman

59. Clinical and Neuropsychological Features of Alzheimer's Disease
Jason Hassenstab, Jeffrey Burns and John C. Morris

60. The Genetics of Alzheimer's Disease
Rudolph E. Tanzi

61. Experimental Animal Models of Alzheimer's Disease
Dave Morgan

62. Structural, Functional and Molecular Neuroimaging Biomarkers for Alzheimer's Disease
James B. Brewer, Jorge Sepulcre and Keith A. Johnson

63. Fluid Biomarkers for Alzheimer's Disease
Anne M. Fagan

64. Current Therapies for Alzheimer's Disease
Mary Sano and Judith A. Neugroschl

65. Disease-Modifying Therapies for Alzheimer's Disease
Joshua D. Grill and Jeffrey Cummings

66. Lewy Body Dementias
Stella Karantzoulis and James E. Galvin

67. Clinical Features and Pathogenesis of FTD
Georges Naasan and Bruce Miller

68. Pathogenesis, Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular and Mixed Dementias
Helena Chang Chui

69. Clinical Features and Pathogenesis of Prion Disease
Joel C. Watts and Michael D. Geschwind

SECTION VIII: Psychiatric Disorders of Childhood Onset
Joseph D. Buxbaum

70. Epidemiology of Neuropsychiatric and Developmental Disorders of Childhood
Elise B. Robinson, Benjamin M. Neale and Mark J. Daly

71. Rare Variants of Substantial Effect in Psychiatric Disorders of Childhood Onset
Heather C. Mefford

72. Epigenetics in Early Life Programming
Tracy L. Bale

73. Animal Models in Psychiatric Disorders of Childhood Onset
Richard Paylor, Alexia M. Thomas, Surabi Veeraragavan and Shannon M. Hamilton

74. Neuropathology and Synaptic Alterations in Neurodevelopmental Disorders
Mara Dierssen and Salvador Martínez

75. Functional Connectivity: Application to Developmental Disorders
Luke Bloy, Ragini Verma and Timothy P.L. Roberts

76. Intellectual Disability Syndromes
Charles E. Schwartz, Fiorella Gurrieri and Giovanni Neri

77. Autism Spectrum Disorders
Alexander Kolevzon, A. Ting Wang, David Grodberg and Joseph D. Buxbaum

78. Neurobiology of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
Stephen V. Faraone and Joseph Biederman

79. Tourette Syndrome and Tic Disorders
Kyle Williams, Michael H. Bloch, Matthew W. State and Christopher Pittenger

80. Novel Therapeutics in Childhood Onset Psychiatric Disorders
Dorothy E. Grice, Alexander Kolevzon, Walter E. Kaufmann and Joseph D. Buxbaum

SECTION IX: Special Topic Areas
Dennis S. Charney

81. DSM-5 Overview and Goals
David J. Kupfer and Susan K. Schultz

82. The Infirmities of Psychiatric Diagnosis
Steven E. Hyman

83. Toward Precision Medicine in Psychiatry: The NIMH Research Domain Criteria Project
Bruce N. Cuthbert and Thomas R. Insel

84. The Neurobiology of Personality Disorders: The Shift to DSM-5
M. Mercedes Perez-Rodriguez, Antonia S. New and Larry J. Siever

85. The Neurobiology of Aggression
R. James R. Blair

86. Neurobiology of Social Attachment
Adam S. Smith, Kelly Lei and Zuoxin Wang

87. The Neurobiology of Sleep
Giulio Tononi and Chiara Cirelli

88. The Neurobiology of Resilience
Adriana Feder, Margaret Haglund, Gang Wu, Steven M. Southwick and Dennis S. Charney

89. The Neurobiology of Eating Disorders
Thomas B. Hildebrandt and Amanda Downey

Index